Filing Quadro RW for US LLCs, accounts, real estate, and brokerage holdings — including IVAFE, IVIE, sanctions and the relationship with FBAR.
Published: 2026-05-01 · Last verified: 2026-05-01 · 11 min
Quadro RW is the section of the Italian tax return (Modello Redditi Persone Fisiche) used by Italian tax residents to declare assets held abroad — financial and real estate. It originated from D.L. 167/1990 and has expanded through the years to capture all forms of foreign wealth.
For Italians with US assets, Quadro RW is the principal compliance touchpoint with Agenzia delle Entrate.
Italian tax residents must file Quadro RW for foreign financial assets if their aggregate value exceeded €5,000 at any point during the year. Foreign real estate is reported regardless of value.
For Italians with US assets:
The omission of Quadro RW is sanctioned at 3% to 15% of the undeclared value per year. The range expands to 6% to 30% if the asset is held in a tax-haven jurisdiction. The US is not a tax haven, but specific structures (e.g., Delaware blocker entities holding offshore assets) may trigger the higher range.
The look-back period for assessment is normally 5 years; for tax-haven assets, it extends to 10 years.
In addition to monitoring, Quadro RW determines IVAFE — the wealth tax on foreign financial assets:
For US real estate, IVIE applies:
This is the technical detail most overlooked:
Asset — Valuation method
Bank account — Year-end balance or weighted average
Brokerage portfolio — Year-end market value of holdings
US LLC participation — Proportional value of LLC net assets at year-end
US real estate — Purchase price (or cadastral-equivalent if available)
Stocks/bonds held directly — Year-end market value
For LLC participations, the practical work is reconstructing the LLC's balance sheet at year-end — particularly important when the LLC holds real estate (the situs of the underlying property may also need separate disclosure depending on circumstances).
Italy and the US exchange financial account information automatically:
Practical implication: silence on Quadro RW is no longer a strategy. Agenzia delle Entrate has the data within 12-24 months of the account year.
Italian residents who are US persons (rare; most Italians on Italian residence are not US tax residents) file both. For Italians who became US tax residents, FBAR replaces some Italian-side urgency on US accounts (the US accounts are now domestic to them) but Quadro RW continues for any non-US accounts they retain. The Quadro RW value column and the FBAR maximum-balance column do not need to match exactly — they are different metrics — but they must be reconcilable.
Italians who omitted Quadro RW in prior years can usually regularize via ravvedimento operoso. Sanctions are reduced based on how quickly the correction occurs:
The earlier the disclosure, the less it costs. Once an audit notice arrives, the door closes.
[LAST VERIFIED: 2026]
€5,000 aggregate financial assets at any point during the year. US real estate is reported regardless of value.
Yes. The LLC interest itself is the asset. The value to declare is generally the proportional value of the LLC's net assets at year-end.
0.2% annual tax on foreign financial assets, computed on year-end balance or weighted average for fluctuating accounts. A US brokerage at $200,000 generates approximately €400/year IVAFE.
Quadro RW for Italians with US Assets: Complete 2026 Guide is handled from our Florida practice for Italian clients living in the United States and in Italy: office in St. Petersburg (Pinellas County, Tampa Bay), assistance across Florida — including Miami and South Florida — and remotely throughout Italy.
Physical office (by appointment): IIILEX International Consulting LLC, 7901 4th St N STE 300, St. Petersburg, FL 33702, US · +1 (786) 604-8763 · +39 335 344 9660 · us@3lex.us
Office hours: Monday to Friday, 09:00–18:00 (US Eastern Time). Italian clients are also served in the Italian morning window (CET). Working languages: Italian and English.
Consultations are held online (video call) or in person at the St. Petersburg office. Documents are exchanged securely by e-mail.
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IIILEX International Consulting LLC is the Florida-based practice of Avv. Dott. Massimo Leonardi — Italian-qualified Attorney (Avvocato), Dottore Commercialista and Statutory Auditor (Revisore Legale), qualified in Italy, with 30+ years of Italian practice. We work exclusively on cross-border matters between Italy and the United States, in coordination with licensed U.S. professionals for matters of U.S. law.
IIILEX International Consulting LLC · 7901 4th St N STE 300, St. Petersburg, FL 33702 · us@3lex.us · +1 (786) 604-8763 · +39 335 344 9660
Massimo Leonardi is admitted to practice law in Italy and is not admitted to practice law in Florida or elsewhere in the United States. He is qualified in Italy as Dottore Commercialista and Revisore Legale and is not a U.S. Certified Public Accountant. IIILEX International Consulting LLC provides cross-border consulting and Italian legal and tax advisory services. Matters requiring advice on U.S. or Florida law are handled in coordination with appropriately licensed U.S. professionals.